The International Energy Agency urged the OPEC oil cartel to step up output, saying there was a "clear, urgent need for additional supplies". 国际能源署(iea)督促石油输出国组织欧佩克(opec)提高产量,称“对于额外供应存在明显而紧迫的需求”。
But legal experts say the case has significance because it marks the first time Beijing has acted against an international cartel. 但是,法律专家们表示,本案具有重大意义,因为它标志着北京方面首次对一个国际卡特尔采取行动。
To this question, international organizations, WTO, OECD, and so on, seek to a more effective way to affect Cartel. 针对这个问题,WTO、OECD等国际机构寻求一个更有效地对付卡特尔的方法。
The key issue about effective deterrent to international cartel is the quota of punishments. 对国际卡特尔行为实施有效威慑的一个关键问题是如何确立惩罚额度。
The American amnesty program plays a very important role in detecting international cartels, which regulates that if the cartel company be the first to report the wrongdoings among the member companies to the antitrust authority, it will receive immunity. 美国反垄断部门出台的赦免制度在制裁国际卡特尔方面发挥着极为重要的作用,该制度规定参加卡特尔的公司中第一个向政府揭发该卡特尔的公司可免除刑事责任。
The international cartel, which is formed by multi-national companies, has even more restrictive effects on the global economy and consumers. 由来自多个国家的企业参加而形成的国际卡特尔则对全球经济和各国消费者有更为严重的危害。
As a worldwide monopolization, international cartel is exerting a great influence towards the world competition order, which has drawn intensive attention. 国际卡特尔作为一种世界性的垄断行为,对各国竞争秩序造成了极大冲击,引起了世界的广泛关注。
Two respects are induced in this part: one is about the history and classification of international cartel and the economic analysis of it as well. 这一部分包含两个方面的内容:1、对国际卡特尔的历史、种类的概括;对国际卡特尔的经济学分析。
The author bases on the research towards international cartel to raise the concrete frame. 对国际卡特尔的研究是本文提出具体制度设计的前提。
Last but not least, this paper proposes suggestions on the regulation of international cartel bases on the analysis of foreign rich experience and the general conditions of China. 最后,在分析他国成功经验和立足我国国情的基础上,提出构建规制国际卡特尔具体制度的建议。
During the process of its opening up gradually, China has also suffered a lot from international cartel but is powerless to fight back due to the lack of relevant laws and experience. 我国在市场逐步开放的过程中,也遭受到了国际卡特尔的巨大损害,但由于缺乏相关法律规定和实践经验一直无力反击。
To begin with, the author conducts research on the basic issues about international cartel and undertakes a complete analysis of the development, the classification and the harm of international cartel. 首先,本文对国际卡特尔基本问题进行了研究,对国际卡特尔的发展、类型和危害进行了全面分析。
At present scholars 'concern about international cartel is mostly on the research on the foreign anti-monopoly system. But the actual influence international cartel brings to China is hardly involved. 目前学者们对国际卡特尔的关注大都停留在对国外的反垄断制度研究层面,而对于国际卡特尔对我国的实际影响没有深入的了解。